What Are the Signs and Risks of GERD?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disorder that occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, irritating the lining and causing discomfort. While occasional acid reflux is common, persistent symptoms may indicate GERD, which affects approximately 20% of adults in the U.S. If left untreated, GERD can lead to serious complications. At Intouch Primary Care in Sugar Land, TX, we help patients recognize the signs and manage GERD effectively to prevent long-term health issues.

Common Signs and Symptoms of GERD

GERD symptoms vary from mild to severe, often worsening after meals or when lying down. The most common signs include:

• Frequent heartburn – A burning sensation in the chest, often after eating.
• Acid regurgitation – Sour-tasting acid backing up into the throat or mouth.
• Chronic cough or sore throat – Persistent irritation from acid exposure.
• Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) – Feeling like food is stuck in the throat.
• Hoarseness or voice changes – Caused by acid affecting the vocal cords.
• Chest pain – May mimic heart-related conditions, requiring proper evaluation.

What Causes GERD?

GERD occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the muscle responsible for keeping stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus, weakens or relaxes inappropriately. Several factors contribute to this condition, including:

• Obesity – Excess weight increases pressure on the stomach, worsening reflux.
• Hiatal hernia – A condition where part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm.
• Dietary triggers – Spicy foods, caffeine, alcohol, fatty meals, and citrus can aggravate symptoms.
• Smoking – Weakens the LES and increases acid production.
• Pregnancy – Hormonal changes and increased abdominal pressure contribute to GERD.
• Medications – Some pain relievers, muscle relaxants, and blood pressure medications can worsen reflux.

Potential Complications of Untreated GERD

Ignoring GERD symptoms can lead to serious health issues, including:

• Esophagitis – Inflammation and irritation of the esophagus lining.
• Esophageal ulcers – Open sores that can cause pain and bleeding.
• Barrett’s esophagus – A precancerous condition that increases the risk of esophageal cancer.
• Chronic respiratory problems – GERD can contribute to asthma, pneumonia, or chronic cough.
• Tooth enamel erosion – Acid exposure can weaken and damage teeth over time.

Effective Treatment Options for GERD

Managing GERD often involves a combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and medical interventions. Treatment options include:

• Dietary modifications – Avoiding trigger foods, eating smaller meals, and not lying down after eating.
• Weight management – Losing excess weight can relieve pressure on the stomach.
• Medications – Antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce acid production.
• Surgical options – In severe cases, procedures like fundoplication may be recommended to strengthen the LES.

Get Relief from GERD at Intouch Primary Care

If you experience frequent heartburn or other GERD symptoms, early intervention is key to preventing complications. At Intouch Primary Care in Sugar Land, TX, we provide personalized care to help patients manage GERD effectively. Contact us today to schedule an evaluation and find the best treatment plan for lasting relief!